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The cost to build a 20-acre lake ranges from $10,000 to $100,000 or more. While you end up paying less per acre the larger you go, costs could easily run higher, depending on design, style, and special features. For example, you may need to add a dock if you plan to keep a boat or use one on your lake.

The average cost to stock a pond typically ranges from $0.25 to $25 per fish. The price varies based on the type of fish you choose and how many will fit. You might pay as little as $0.90 each for largemouth bass, but up to $60 or more for koi. When stocking a pond, introduce a variety of species separately, starting with foraging fish like minnows before adding predators like catfish the following season.

In general, it’s best to dig a pond at least 50 to 100 feet from your house. This can help mitigate the risk of significant water damage and flooding should the pond or lake water overflow toward your home. Water that looks like it has soaked harmlessly into the soil can undermine the integrity of your home’s foundation. Check with local building codes and regulations for the rules that apply in your area.

Depending on the size, complexity, and design of the pond, digging and building a pond can take anywhere from one day to over a month. A larger crew with larger excavation equipment is better equipped to tackle larger lake-building projects. Professional installation of most small to medium-sized backyard ponds takes between two and five days on average.

Pond water must be replaced every week by removing 10% to 15% of the water to maintain optimum clarity and quality. This routine replacement safeguards the aquatic environment by preserving ideal oxygen levels and minimizing algae buildup. Consistent water changes ensure contaminants remain low and the overall ecosystem stays balanced and vibrant.

A pond must be dug with a minimum depth of one to two feet, while ponds intended for fish must have at least a two‐foot depth. Sufficient depth supports a robust aquatic ecosystem by maintaining stable water temperatures and enabling efficient water filtration. This careful depth facilitates proper plant growth and fish health, thereby enhancing the longevity and beauty of your pond.