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Well pumps are mechanical devices that pump water from your well into your home. More specifically, they use electricity to pull and push water from a well up a hose or pipe and into your home, generally into a pressure tank and filtration system. Well pumps come in various sizes and types, including jet and submersible pumps for shallow and deep wells.

Almost all pumps use electricity, except for older hand pumps installed in places without available electricity. Residential well pumps usually have between 1/2 and three horsepower. Because they rely on electricity, a higher-than-expected electric bill could be an early sign of an issue with your well pump. Call a local pro near you to investigate the problem.

A well pump lasts about 15 years on average, but it might not last as long if your home gets a lot of usage out of the well pump. Lower-quality well pumps that get a lot of use could give out after as few as eight years. Getting an annual well inspection and following up on necessary maintenance or repairs can add years to your well pump.

Well pumps are sometimes covered by a homeowner’s insurance policy if the well pump stops working because of a covered cause, such as an extreme weather event. However, if a well pump gives out because of general wear and tear, it isn't likely covered by your homeowner's insurance policy. Check with your agent or read your policy details for specifics.

Well pumps can fail for several reasons. Most commonly, general wear and tear over the years eventually causes them to give out. You'll need to upgrade to a new well pump about every 15 years. However, other factors can cause premature well pump failure, including leaks, poor water quality, drought, or issues with the well tank. Lightning strikes can even take out well pumps.