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A window well should be at least 8 inches deeper than the bottom of your window and extend at least 6 inches wider on both sides. To determine the minimum dimensions, measure your window's width and height, then add 12 inches to the width and 8 inches to the height. For egress windows, building codes generally require the window well to be at least 36 inches long and wide, and between 3 and 5 feet deep, to provide safe emergency exit access.

While not all window wells require a drain, having one can significantly reduce the risk of water pooling and leaking into your basement. If you live in an area with heavy rainfall or poor soil drainage, connecting your window well to a drainage system like a French drain or sump pump is highly effective. The cost to add a drain typically ranges from $500 to $1,000. Ensuring your window well is properly graded also helps water flow away from your foundation. If you notice standing water or moisture in your window well, it's a sign that you may need to improve the drainage to protect your home from potential water damage.

You can keep your basement window wells in good condition by regularly clearing debris out of them or by installing window well covers so that debris can't get in to begin with. You'll also need to remove snow and ice buildup as soon as possible so it doesn't clog the drain or cause damage as it expands. Keep the drain clear, too, and take care of blockages right away. And check the seals on the liner, replacing the caulk if you notice any degradation.

For minor surface rust on a metal window well, you can:

1. Clean the Rust: Use steel wool and white vinegar to scrub away rust.

2. Prepare the Surface: Clean and dry the area thoroughly to remove loose particles.

3. Apply Primer: Coat the area with a galvanized metal primer to prevent future rust.

4. Paint: Once the primer is dry, apply two coats of acrylic latex paint designed for metal surfaces.

However, if the rust is extensive and affects the structural integrity, it may be more cost-effective and safer to replace the window well. A professional can assess the condition and recommend the best course of action.

Consider replacing your window well if you notice problems like leaks through the basement window, water pooling in the well, rust on metal wells, or cracks in concrete, plastic, or fiberglass wells. These issues indicate that the window well is no longer effectively keeping water and debris away from your window. Prompt replacement can prevent water damage to your basement and foundation, saving you money on costly repairs down the line.

Installing a window well typically takes professionals one to three days, depending on the size and complexity of the project. Replacing an existing window well is often quicker, often completed in one day. More extensive installations—such as adding a new window well, connecting to a drainage system, or installing custom materials—may take up to three days. Knowing the time frame helps you plan accordingly and minimizes disruption to your daily routine.